Cyber Security Threat Summary:
Phishers have devised a novel phishing technique known as "file archiver in the browser" that capitalizes on victims visiting a .ZIP domain. This method involves emulating a file archiver software within a web browser, as revealed by security researcher mr.d0x. Recently, Google introduced eight additional top-level domains (TLDs), including .zip and .mov. However, cybersecurity professionals are cautioning about potential malicious activities associated with these domains. To execute an attack using this approach, the attacker must replicate a file archiving software using HTML/CSS. Two examples were presented by the researchers, the first one imitating the WinRAR file archiving utility, while the second one mimicked the Windows 11 File Explorer window. The researchers employed a clever tactic, they included a 'Scan' icon in the WinRAR sample. When users interact with this icon, a message box is triggered, providing reassurance that the files are secure. This strategy effectively reduces suspicion and increases the likelihood of user compliance.

“Then the researchers deployed the sample on a .zip domain that can be used for multiple attack scenarios such as: redirect the visitors to a landing page created to steal the victim’s credentials when a file is clicked. deceive the visitors by presenting an executable file with a disguised extension. When users click on what appears to be a .pdf file (for example, “invoice.pdf”), it actually downloads an executable file

The researcher noted that numerous Twitter users emphasized the Windows File Explorer search bar as an effective delivery method” (Security Affairs, 2023).

Security Officer Comments:
Several Individuals have observed on Twitter that the Windows File Explorer search bar can serve as an effective delivery method. When a user searchers for “mrd0x[.]zip” and it is not present on their machine, the search bar will automatically open it in the browser. This scenario is particularly dangerous as users would expect to encounter a ZIP file. The introduction of new top-level domains presents additional opportunities for phishing campaigns. Understanding this attack technique is crucial in order to protect oneself from becoming a victim of such attacks. It is strongly recommended that organizations take proactive measures to block .zip and .mov domains. These domains are currently being exploited by phishers and their malicious usage is expected to increase.

Suggested Correction(s):
Users should always be cautious of individuals or organizations that ask for personal information. Most companies will not ask for sensitive data from its customers. If in doubt, users should verify with the company itself to avoid any potential issues.

Users should always take a close look at the sender’s display name when checking the legitimacy of an email. Most companies use a single domain for their URLs and emails, so a message that originates from a different domain is a red flag.

As a general rule, users should not click links or download files even if they come from seemingly “trustworthy” sources.

Check for mismatched URLs. While an embedded URL might seem perfectly valid, hovering above it might show a different web address. In fact, users should avoid clicking links in emails unless they are certain that it is a legitimate link.

Users should always be on the lookout for any grammatical errors and spelling mistakes. Legitimate companies will often employ proofreaders and editors who ensure that the materials they send out are error-free.

Users should not be frightened or intimidated by messages that have an alarmist tone. They should double check with the company if they are uncertain about the status of their accounts.

Phishing emails are designed to be sent to a large number of people, so they need to be as impersonal as possible. Users should check whether the message contains a generic subject and greeting, as this can be a sign of a phishing attempt.

Although not every end user has access to advanced anti-phishing software, they can still use the built-in protection of their email clients to filter messages. One example is setting the email client to block all images unless approved.

Legitimate companies will never send confirmation emails unless there are specific reasons for doing so. In fact, most companies will avoid sending unsolicited messages unless it’s for company updates, newsletters, or advertising purposes.

Users should always take the context of an email or message into account. For example, most online accounts do away with viewable member numbers, so users should be wary if they receive emails containing a “member number” for services that generally don’t use them.

It is important to take note of unusual information in the text of the message. Any mentions of operating systems and software that are not typically used by consumers can often be indicators of a phishing attempt.

If it seems suspicious, it probably is. Users should always err on the side of caution when it comes to sending out personally identifiable information through messages and emails.

Link(s):
https://securityaffairs.com/146828/cyber-crime/file-archiver-in-the-browser-phishing.html